Chemical analysis of 369 Chinese ritual bronzes. The major elements (Cu, Sn and Pb) were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy and the trace elements using neutron activation analysis.
Format
A data.frame with 88 observations and 22 variables (chemical elements):
- reference
integer: catalog number.- chronology
integer: chronology (typology).- dynasty
ordered
factor: dynasty name.- Cu
numeric: Cu content (ppm).- Sn
numeric: Sn content (ppm).- Pb
numeric: Pb content (ppm).- Zn
numeric: Zn content (ppm).- Au
numeric: Au content (ppm).- Ag
numeric: Ag content (ppm).- As
numeric: As content (ppm).- Sb
numeric: Sb content (ppm).
Source
Wood, J. R. & Liu, Y. (2023). A Multivariate Approach to Investigate Metallurgical Technology: The Case of the Chinese Ritual Bronzes. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 30: 707-756. doi:10.1007/s10816-022-09572-8 .
References
Bagley, R. W. (1987). Shang ritual bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler collections. New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
Rawson, J. (1990). Western Zhou ritual bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler collections. New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
So, J. (1995). Eastern Zhou ritual bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.